Operation Husky
This page in work
This was the code name for the invasion
of Sicily. It was orchestrated deep in the Lascaris Bastion.
It commenced on the night of 9th July 1943 & ended August 17th. The invasion
force consisted of between 2,590 - 2,760 ships (Various reports
give various figures). Poor weather with 40 mph winds hampered the landings
- especially airborne elements.
This photo came in with no information.
Obviously an aircraft carrier to the left with
possibly landing craft on the right. The invasion fleet was known to be here
& also more ships from Tunisia were reported to
sail round the south coast of Malta to landing areas on the eastern side of
Sicily.
This booklet was given out to
soldiers prior to the Invasion of Sicily.
Courtesy of Glyn Howell
Commanders - Allied
Overall Commander
|
General Dwight David ('Ike')
Eisenhower
|
Commander of land forces (15th
Army)
|
General Sir Harold Rupert Leofric
Alexander
|
Commander of British 8th Army
|
General Bernard Law Montgomery
|
Commander US 7th Army
|
General George Smith Patton
|
Commander Naval Forces - Mediterranean
|
Admiral Andrew Cunningham
|
Western Naval Task Force
|
Vice Admiral H.K.Hewitt
|
Eastern Naval Task Force
|
Vice Admiral B.L.Ramsay
|
Ships taking part - Allied
Aircraft Carriers
|
||
Formidable
|
||
Indomitable
|
||
Illustrious
|
||
Puncher
|
Escort Carrier. Carried Spitfires.
|
|
Battleships
|
||
Nelson
|
||
Rodney
|
||
Warspite
|
||
Valliant
|
||
Corvettes - Minesweeping
|
||
Royal Australian Navy
|
||
Gawler
|
21st Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Lismore
|
21st Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Maryborough
|
21st Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Ipswich
|
21st Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Cessnock
|
22nd Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Geraldton
|
22nd Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Cairns
|
22nd Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Wollongong
|
22nd Minesweeping Flotilla
|
|
Landing Ships
|
||
HMS Prince Leopold
|
||
HMS Princess Astrid
|
||
Sentinel
|
||
HMS Princess Beatrix
|
Argyll and Sutherland Highland
51st Div. - Col. Mathison
|
|
HMS Princess Charlotte
|
Temporary assignment only
|
|
HMS Prince Charles
|
||
Landing craft for Operation Husky.
Tied up at Manoel Island 1943. |
Photo courtesy of Len Hesling. |
Landing craft LST 427 at Malta - July 1943 |
Convoy Codenames - MWS 36
Aircraft Available - Allied (Air Headquarters
Malta)
Air Vice-Marshal Keith Park
A huge amount of units took part in Operation
Husky. I have limited the list to those operating from Malta.
See this
link for a long list of all units taking part including aircraft based
in Algeria, Egypt, Gibraltar etc.
No. 248 Naval Co-operation
Wing
|
Spitfire Squadrons
|
Other Squadrons
|
No. 69 Squadron RAF Martin Baltimore
|
No. 40 Squadron SAAF[9]
|
No. 23 Squadron RAF, de Havilland
Mosquito (night intruder operations)
|
No. 108 Squadron RAF, Bristol
Beaufighter
|
No. 126 Squadron RAF
|
No. 73 Squadron RAF Det., Hurricane
IIC
|
No. 221 Squadron RAF, Vickers
Wellington
|
No. 185 Squadron RAF
|
No. 256 Squadron RAF Det., Mosquito
XII (night fighters)
|
No. 272 Squadron RAF, Beaufighter
|
No. 229 Squadron RAF
|
No. 600 Squadron RAF, Beaufighter
(night fighters/intruder)
|
No. 683 Squadron RAF, Spitfire
|
No. 249 Squadron RAF
|
815 Naval Air Squadron Det.
(FAA), Fairey Albacore
|
No. 1435 Flight RAF
|
British Glider force amounted to 144 aircraft but only 12 landed on target. Some 69 were lost at sea.
Ground Forces - Allied
Land forces were designated as the 15th Army.
See this
link for a long list of land forces.
American
|
82nd Airborne, 7th Army
|
British
|
8th Army
|
On the 11th July an attempt to resupply the US landings
with 144 aircraft resulted in 37 (some
reports state 23 C-47's) being lost to freindly fire due to anti aircraft
units not being told about the drop.
....oooOOOooo....
Commanders - Axis Forces
Overall Commander Italian
|
General Alfredo Guzzoni
|
As the allies advanced a German
General took over command
|
General Hans Hube
|
Ground Forces - Axis
Italian
|
200,000 - 300,000 troops - Italian
VI Army
|
German
|
30,000 troops - 15th Panzergrenadier
Division & Herman Goering Division.
|
Casulaties
Axis
|
Approximately 29,000 killed
& 140,000 captured
|
Allied
|
|
The Biscari Massacre -
76 Axis prisoners were shot by US 180th Regimental Combat Team, 45th Division
at Biscari Airfield July/August.
See link - http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Biscari_Massacre
Force A | To land between Syracuse & Avole in the south east. |
Force B | To land at Marzamemi & Cape Passero further south. |
Force V | To land round the Cape to the west |
Cent Beach | |
Dime Beach | |
Joss Beach |
Other Operations involved in Operation Husky
Operation Barclay
|
An operation to decieve axis forces
into thinking the main assault would occur in Greece.
|
Operation Chestnut
|
A drop by 2 SAS (20 men) on the
night of 12th July to disrupt axis communications. Radios & much
of the equipment was lost in the jump & this operation did not achieve
its objective. The force returned to friendly lines.
|
Operation Corkscrew
|
The invasion of the island of Pantelleria on
10th June 1943. In the 3 weeks prior to this 4 cruisers & 8 destroyers
operating from Malta bombarded the island. A heavy aerial bombardment
on the island preceded the British landing Four fleet minesweepers
went in first to clear any mines. Their was little resistance &
by 11.30 hours some white flags were seen. The Governor of the island
surrendered to the allies on June 11th through lack of water of which
the island had run out of 3 days previously.
Linosa was the third island in this operation to be captured. A small force was sent ashore from the fleet destroyer Nubian who reportedly found the Commandant in bed. |
Operation Fustian
|
An operation to capture Primrose
bridge over the River Simeto, south of Mt.Etna on the night of 13-14th
July. Three British Battalions of 1 Parachute Regiment took part. The
bridge was captured intact where they were relieved by 4th Armoured
Brigade.
|
Operation Ladbroke
|
This Operation was the code name
for the British glider assault near Syracuse on the night of the 9th
July.
|
Operation Narcissus
|
A raid by 40 members of British
SAS on a lighthouse & high ground on the south east coast of Sicily
on the 10th July. Intelligence suggested this would be occupied but
the area was deserted.
|
These 4 scans are from actual leaflets dropped on Italy
before the invasion. The symbols refer to - left USA Star - right RAF roundel.
Both were identification marks
on the under wing areas of allied aircraft. Click each page to view larger
picture.
Courtesy of Margaret Hodgson
References
http://www.american-divisions.com/doc.asp?documentid=108&pagenumber=1 | This is a link to the original operation plans for Husky. It runs to 185 pages. |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Husky_order_of_battle | Wikipedia online - this is the most complete listing or order of battle I have seen. A lot of work gone into this. |